1
Arab and Islamic Studies - LibGuides at University of Exeter. http://libguides.exeter.ac.uk/ArabandIslamicHomePage
2
Joseph Sassoon. Anatomy of Authoritarianism in the Arab Republics. Cambridge University Press 2016. https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991001279989707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
3
Marc Lynch (ed.). The Arab Uprisings Explained: New Contentious Politics in the Middle East. West Sussex, England: : Columbia University Press 2014. https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991000874889707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
4
Farhad Kazemi, Augustus Richard Norton. ‘Hardliners and Softliners in the Middle East: Problems of Governance and the Prospects for Liberalization in Authoritarian Political Systems’. In: Democracy and its Limits: Lessons from Asia, Latin America, and the Middle East. Notre Dame, Ind: : University of Notre Dame Press 2000. 69–89.https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=da3b3b66-efc9-e711-80cd-005056af4099
5
Philippe C. Schmitter. ‘Twenty-Five Years, Fifteen Findings’. Journal of Democracy 2010;21:17–28.https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edspmu&AN=edspmu.S1086321409100209&site=eds-live&scope=site
6
Francesco Cavatorta, Vincent Durac. Civil Society and Democratization in the Arab World: The Dynamics of Activism. London: : Routledge 2011. https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991000296269707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
7
Guillermo O’Donnell, Philippe C. Schmitter. ‘Negotiating (and Renegotiating) Pacts’. In: Transitions from Authoritarian Rule: Tentative Conclusions about Uncertain Democracies. Baltimore, Md: : John Hopkins University Press 1986. 37–47.https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=33ea387c-a15c-e611-80c6-005056af4099
8
Guillermo O’Donnell, Philippe C. Schmitter. Transitions from Authoritarian Rule: Tentative Conclusions about Uncertain Democracies. Baltimore, Md: : John Hopkins University Press 1986. https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991008727919707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
9
Kenneth Perkins. A History of Modern Tunisia. Cambridge University Press 2014. https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991003462539707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
10
Nouri Gana (ed.). The Making of the Tunisian Revolution: Contexts, Architects, Prospects. Edinburgh: : Edinburgh University Press 2013. https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991003406109707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
11
Kristina Kausch. Tunisia: The Life of Others (FRIDE Working Paper 85). 2009.http://fride.org/descarga/FRIDE-WP85-INGLES.pdf
12
Pargeter A. Chapter 11: Libya: From Reform to Revolution. In: North African Politics: Change and Continuity. London: : Routledge 2016. 178–95.https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991000899489707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
13
Ricardo René Larémont (ed.). Revolution, Revolt, and Reform in North Africa: The Arab Spring and Beyond. Routledge 2013. https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991000924249707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
14
Pargeter A. Chapter 11: Libya: From Reform to Revolution. In: North African Politics: Change and Continuity. London: : Routledge 2016. 178–95.https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991000899489707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
15
James D. Le Sueur. Algeria Since 1989: Between Terror and Democracy. London: : Zed Books 2010. https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991000520639707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
16
Francesco Cavatorta, Vincent Durac. Civil Society and Democratization in the Arab World: The Dynamics of Activism. London: : Routledge 2011. https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991000296269707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
17
Marc Lynch (ed.). The Arab Uprisings Explained: New Contentious Politics in the Middle East. West Sussex, England: : Columbia University Press 2014. https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991000874889707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
18
Farhad Kazemi, Augustus Richard Norton. ‘Hardliners and Softliners in the Middle East: Problems of Governance and the Prospects for Liberalization in Authoritarian Political Systems’. In: Democracy and its Limits: Lessons from Asia, Latin America, and the Middle East. Notre Dame, Ind: : University of Notre Dame Press 2000. 69–89.https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=da3b3b66-efc9-e711-80cd-005056af4099
19
Philippe C. Schmitter. ‘Twenty-Five Years, Fifteen Findings’. Journal of Democracy 2010;21:17–28.https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edspmu&AN=edspmu.S1086321409100209&site=eds-live&scope=site
20
Francesco Cavatorta, Vincent Durac. Civil Society and Democratization in the Arab World: The Dynamics of Activism. London: : Routledge 2011. https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991000296269707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
21
Guillermo O’Donnell, Philippe C. Schmitter. ‘Negotiating (and Renegotiating) Pacts’. In: Transitions from Authoritarian Rule: Tentative Conclusions about Uncertain Democracies. Baltimore, Md: : John Hopkins University Press 1986. 37–47.https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=33ea387c-a15c-e611-80c6-005056af4099
22
Guillermo O’Donnell, Philippe C. Schmitter. Transitions from Authoritarian Rule: Tentative Conclusions about Uncertain Democracies. Baltimore, Md: : John Hopkins University Press 1986. https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991008727919707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
23
Bernard Rougier, Stephane Lacroix (eds). Egypt’s Revolutions: Politics, Religion, and Social Movements. Basingstoke, Hampshire: : Palgrave Macmillan 2015. https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991002743279707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
24
Pargeter A. Chapter 11: Libya: From Reform to Revolution. In: North African Politics: Change and Continuity. London: : Routledge 2016. 178–95.https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991000899489707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
25
Lisa Blaydes. Elections and Distributive Politics in Mubarak’s Egypt. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 2011. https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991000464929707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
26
Samer S. Shehata (ed.). Islamist Politics in the Middle East: Movements and Change. London: : Routledge 2012. https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991002447409707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
27
Boukhars A. Chapter 5: Islamists and realpolitik. In: Politics in Morocco: Executive Monarchy and Enlightened Authoritarianism. London: : Routledge 2011. 107–29.https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991000464989707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
28
Francesco Cavatorta, Vincent Durac. Civil Society and Democratization in the Arab World: The Dynamics of Activism. London: : Routledge 2011. https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991000296269707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
29
Boukhars A. Chapter 5: Islamists and realpolitik. In: Politics in Morocco: Executive Monarchy and Enlightened Authoritarianism. London: : Routledge 2011. 107–29.https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991000464989707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
30
Ricardo René Larémont (ed.). Revolution, Revolt, and Reform in North Africa: The Arab Spring and Beyond. Routledge 2013. https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991000924249707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
31
Robert O. Collins. ‘The islamist revolution: The Turabi years, 1989-1996’. In: A History of Modern Sudan. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 2008. 185–217.https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=ace883e0-ab5c-e611-80c6-005056af4099
32
Robert O. Collins. A History of Modern Sudan. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 2008.
33
Jort Hemmer. Ticking the Box: Elections in Sudan. 2009.https://www.clingendael.org/publication/ticking-box-elections-sudan
34
Robert O. Collins. A History of Modern Sudan. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 2008.
35
Ricardo René Larémont (ed.). Revolution, Revolt, and Reform in North Africa: The Arab Spring and Beyond. Routledge 2013. https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991000924249707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
36
Pargeter A. Chapter 11: Libya: From Reform to Revolution. In: North African Politics: Change and Continuity. London: : Routledge 2016. 178–95.https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991000899489707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
37
von Weitershausen I. Chapter 6: Foreign Engagement in Contentious Politics: Europe and the 2011 Uprisings in Libya. In: Contentious Politics in the Middle East: Popular Resistance and Marginalized Activism Beyond the Arab Uprisings. New York, NY: : Palgrave Macmillan 2015. 155–68.https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991002743239707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
38
Luis Martínez. ‘Is the Jamahiriya reformable?’ In: The Libyan Paradox. London: : Hurst & Company 2007. 117–51.https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=c9908633-b15c-e611-80c6-005056af4099
39
Luis Martínez. The Libyan Paradox. London: : Hurst & Company 2007.
40
Vandewalle D. A History of Modern Libya. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 2012. http://encore.exeter.ac.uk/iii/encore/record/C__Rb3448411?lang=eng
41
Amal S. M. Obeidi. ‘Political Elites in Libya since 1969’. In: Libya Since 1969: Qadhafi’s Revolution Revisited. Basingstoke: : Palgrave Macmillan 2008. 105–26.https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=9e80df96-b55c-e611-80c6-005056af4099
42
Dirk J. Vandewalle (ed.). Libya Since 1969: Qadhafi’s Revolution Revisited. Basingstoke: : Palgrave Macmillan 2008.
43
Herb M. Chapter 1: Introduction. In: All in the Family: Absolutism, Revolution, and Democracy in the Middle Eastern Monarchies. Albany: : State University of New York Press 1997. 1–19.https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991013244639707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
44
Davidson CM. After the Sheikhs: The Coming Collapse of the Gulf Monarchies. London: : Hurst 2012. https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991001034769707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
45
Owen R. The Rise and Fall of Arab Presidents for Life: With a New Afterword. First Harvard University Press paperback edition. Cambridge, Massacusetts: : Harvard University Press 2014. https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991004512539707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
46
Valeri M. Simmering Unrest and Succession Challenges in Oman. 2015.http://encore.exeter.ac.uk/iii/encore/record/C__Rx1039612?lang=eng
47
Beblawi H. Chapter 2: ‘The Rentier State in the Arab World’. In: Beblawi H, Luciani G, eds. The Rentier State. Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon: : Routledge 2016. 49–62.https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991004180959707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
48
Matthiesen T. Sectarian Gulf: Bahrain, Saudi Arabia, and the Arab Spring that Wasn’t. Palo Alto, Calif: : Stanford University Press 2013. https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991002447109707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
49
Brownlee BJ, Ghiabi M. ‘Passive, Silent and Revolutionary: The “Arab Spring” Revisited’. Middle East Critique 2016;25:299–316.https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ich&AN=ICHA993914&site=eds-live&scope=site
50
Goldstone JA. Chapter 1: What is a Revolution? In: Revolutions: A Very Short Introduction. New York: : Oxford University Press 2014. 1–9.https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ich&AN=ICHA993914&site=eds-live&scope=site
51
Lisa Blaydes. Elections and Distributive Politics in Mubarak’s Egypt. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 2011. https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991000464929707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
52
Anouar Boukhars. Politics in Morocco: Executive Monarchy and Enlightened Authoritarianism. London: : Routledge 2011. https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991000464989707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
53
Francesco Cavatorta, Vincent Durac. Civil Society and Democratization in the Arab World: The Dynamics of Activism. London: : Routledge 2011. https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991000296269707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
54
Robert O. Collins. ‘The islamist revolution: The Turabi years, 1989-1996’. In: A History of Modern Sudan. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 2008. 185–217.https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=ace883e0-ab5c-e611-80c6-005056af4099
55
Robert O. Collins. A History of Modern Sudan. Cambridge: : Cambridge University Press 2008.
56
Nouri Gana (ed.). The Making of the Tunisian Revolution: Contexts, Architects, Prospects. Edinburgh: : Edinburgh University Press 2013. https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991003406109707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
57
von Weitershausen I. Chapter 6: Foreign Engagement in Contentious Politics: Europe and the 2011 Uprisings in Libya. In: Contentious Politics in the Middle East: Popular Resistance and Marginalized Activism Beyond the Arab Uprisings. New York, NY: : Palgrave Macmillan 2015. 155–68.https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991002743239707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
58
Jort Hemmer. Ticking the Box: Elections in Sudan. 2009.https://www.clingendael.org/publication/ticking-box-elections-sudan
59
Kristina Kausch. Tunisia: The Life of Others (FRIDE Working Paper 85). 2009.http://www.fride.org/descarga/FRIDE-WP85-INGLES.pdf
60
Farhad Kazemi, Augustus Richard Norton. ‘Hardliners and Softliners in the Middle East: Problems of Governance and the Prospects for Liberalization in Authoritarian Political Systems’. In: Democracy and its Limits: Lessons from Asia, Latin America, and the Middle East. Notre Dame, Ind: : University of Notre Dame Press 2000. 69–89.https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=da3b3b66-efc9-e711-80cd-005056af4099
61
Ricardo René Larémont (ed.). Revolution, Revolt, and Reform in North Africa: The Arab Spring and Beyond. Routledge 2013. https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991000924249707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
62
Marc Lynch (ed.). The Arab Uprisings Explained: New Contentious Politics in the Middle East. West Sussex, England: : Columbia University Press 2014. https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991000874889707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
63
Luis Martínez. ‘Is the Jamahiriya reformable?’ In: The Libyan Paradox. London: : Hurst & Company 2007. 117–51.https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=c9908633-b15c-e611-80c6-005056af4099
64
Luis Martínez. The Libyan Paradox. London: : Hurst & Company 2007.
65
Guillermo O’Donnell, Philippe C. Schmitter. ‘Negotiating (and Renegotiating) Pacts’. In: Transitions from Authoritarian Rule: Tentative Conclusions about Uncertain Democracies. Baltimore, Md: : John Hopkins University Press 1986. 37–47.https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=33ea387c-a15c-e611-80c6-005056af4099
66
Guillermo O’Donnell, Philippe C. Schmitter. Transitions from Authoritarian Rule: Tentative Conclusions about Uncertain Democracies. Baltimore, Md: : John Hopkins University Press 1986. https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991008727919707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
67
Kenneth Perkins. A History of Modern Tunisia. Cambridge University Press 2013. https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991003462539707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
68
Bernard Rougier, Stephane Lacroix (eds). Egypt’s Revolutions: Politics, Religion, and Social Movements. Basingstoke, Hampshire: : Palgrave Macmillan 2015. https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991002743279707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
69
Joseph Sassoon. Anatomy of Authoritarianism in the Arab Republics. Cambridge University Press 2016. https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991001279989707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
70
Philippe Schmitter. ‘Twenty-Five Years, Fifteen Findings’. Journal of democracy 2010;21:17–28.
71
Samer S. Shehata (ed.). Islamist Politics in the Middle East: Movements and Change. London: : Routledge 2012. https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991002447409707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
72
James D. Le Sueur. Algeria Since 1989: Between Terror and Democracy. London: : Zed Books 2010. https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991000520639707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
73
Amal S. M. Obeidi. ‘Political Elites in Libya since 1969’. In: Libya Since 1969: Qadhafi’s Revolution Revisited. Basingstoke: : Palgrave Macmillan 2008. 105–26.https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=9e80df96-b55c-e611-80c6-005056af4099
74
Dirk J. Vandewalle (ed.). Libya Since 1969: Qadhafi’s Revolution Revisited. Basingstoke: : Palgrave Macmillan 2008.
75
Dirk Vandewalle. A History of Modern Libya. Cambridge University Press 2012. http://encore.exeter.ac.uk/iii/encore/record/C__Rb3448411?lang=eng
76
Pargeter A. Chapter 11: Libya: From Reform to Revolution. In: North African Politics: Change and Continuity. London: : Routledge 2016. 178–95.https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991000899489707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
