Amal S. M. Obeidi. (2008a). ‘Political Elites in Libya since 1969’. In Libya Since 1969: Qadhafi’s Revolution Revisited (pp. 105–126). Palgrave Macmillan. https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=9e80df96-b55c-e611-80c6-005056af4099
Amal S. M. Obeidi. (2008b). ‘Political Elites in Libya since 1969’. In Libya Since 1969: Qadhafi’s Revolution Revisited (pp. 105–126). Palgrave Macmillan. https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=9e80df96-b55c-e611-80c6-005056af4099
Anouar Boukhars. (2011). Politics in Morocco: Executive Monarchy and Enlightened Authoritarianism: Vol. Routledge studies in Middle Eastern politics. Routledge. https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991000464989707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
Arab and Islamic Studies - LibGuides at University of Exeter. (n.d.). http://libguides.exeter.ac.uk/ArabandIslamicHomePage
Beblawi, H. (2016). Chapter 2: ‘The Rentier State in the Arab World’. In H. Beblawi & G. Luciani (Eds.), The Rentier State: Vol. volume 19 (pp. 49–62). Routledge. https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991004180959707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
Bernard Rougier & Stephane Lacroix (eds). (2015a). Egypt’s Revolutions: Politics, Religion, and Social Movements: Vol. The Sciences Po series in international relations and political economy. Palgrave Macmillan. https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991002743279707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
Bernard Rougier & Stephane Lacroix (eds). (2015b). Egypt’s Revolutions: Politics, Religion, and Social Movements: Vol. The Sciences Po series in international relations and political economy. Palgrave Macmillan. https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991002743279707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
Boukhars, A. (2011a). Chapter 5: Islamists and realpolitik. In Politics in Morocco: Executive Monarchy and Enlightened Authoritarianism: Vol. Routledge studies in Middle Eastern politics (pp. 107–129). Routledge. https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991000464989707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
Boukhars, A. (2011b). Chapter 5: Islamists and realpolitik. In Politics in Morocco: Executive Monarchy and Enlightened Authoritarianism: Vol. Routledge studies in Middle Eastern politics (pp. 107–129). Routledge. https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991000464989707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
Brownlee, B. J., & Ghiabi, M. (2016). ‘Passive, Silent and Revolutionary: The “Arab Spring” Revisited’. Middle East Critique, 25(3), 299–316. https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ich&AN=ICHA993914&site=eds-live&scope=site
Davidson, C. M. (2012). After the Sheikhs: The Coming Collapse of the Gulf Monarchies. Hurst. https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991001034769707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
Dirk J. Vandewalle (ed.). (2008a). Libya Since 1969: Qadhafi’s Revolution Revisited. Palgrave Macmillan.
Dirk J. Vandewalle (ed.). (2008b). Libya Since 1969: Qadhafi’s Revolution Revisited. Palgrave Macmillan.
Dirk Vandewalle. (2012). A History of Modern Libya. Cambridge University Press. http://encore.exeter.ac.uk/iii/encore/record/C__Rb3448411?lang=eng
Farhad Kazemi, Augustus Richard Norton. (2000a). ‘Hardliners and Softliners in the Middle East: Problems of Governance and the Prospects for Liberalization in Authoritarian Political Systems’. In Democracy and its Limits: Lessons from Asia, Latin America, and the Middle East (pp. 69–89). University of Notre Dame Press. https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=da3b3b66-efc9-e711-80cd-005056af4099
Farhad Kazemi, Augustus Richard Norton. (2000b). ‘Hardliners and Softliners in the Middle East: Problems of Governance and the Prospects for Liberalization in Authoritarian Political Systems’. In Democracy and its Limits: Lessons from Asia, Latin America, and the Middle East (pp. 69–89). University of Notre Dame Press. https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=da3b3b66-efc9-e711-80cd-005056af4099
Farhad Kazemi, Augustus Richard Norton. (2000c). ‘Hardliners and Softliners in the Middle East: Problems of Governance and the Prospects for Liberalization in Authoritarian Political Systems’. In Democracy and its Limits: Lessons from Asia, Latin America, and the Middle East (pp. 69–89). University of Notre Dame Press. https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=da3b3b66-efc9-e711-80cd-005056af4099
Francesco Cavatorta & Vincent Durac. (2011a). Civil Society and Democratization in the Arab World: The Dynamics of Activism: Vol. Routledge studies in Middle Eastern politics. Routledge. https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991000296269707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
Francesco Cavatorta & Vincent Durac. (2011b). Civil Society and Democratization in the Arab World: The Dynamics of Activism: Vol. Routledge studies in Middle Eastern politics. Routledge. https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991000296269707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
Francesco Cavatorta & Vincent Durac. (2011c). Civil Society and Democratization in the Arab World: The Dynamics of Activism: Vol. Routledge studies in Middle Eastern politics. Routledge. https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991000296269707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
Francesco Cavatorta & Vincent Durac. (2011d). Civil Society and Democratization in the Arab World: The Dynamics of Activism: Vol. Routledge studies in Middle Eastern politics. Routledge. https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991000296269707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
Francesco Cavatorta & Vincent Durac. (2011e). Civil Society and Democratization in the Arab World: The Dynamics of Activism: Vol. Routledge studies in Middle Eastern politics. Routledge. https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991000296269707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
Goldstone, J. A. (2014). Chapter 1: What is a Revolution? In Revolutions: A Very Short Introduction (pp. 1–9). Oxford University Press. https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ich&AN=ICHA993914&site=eds-live&scope=site
Guillermo O’Donnell & Philippe C. Schmitter. (1986a). ‘Negotiating (and Renegotiating) Pacts’. In Transitions from Authoritarian Rule: Tentative Conclusions about Uncertain Democracies (pp. 37–47). John Hopkins University Press. https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=33ea387c-a15c-e611-80c6-005056af4099
Guillermo O’Donnell & Philippe C. Schmitter. (1986b). ‘Negotiating (and Renegotiating) Pacts’. In Transitions from Authoritarian Rule: Tentative Conclusions about Uncertain Democracies (pp. 37–47). John Hopkins University Press. https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=33ea387c-a15c-e611-80c6-005056af4099
Guillermo O’Donnell & Philippe C. Schmitter. (1986c). ‘Negotiating (and Renegotiating) Pacts’. In Transitions from Authoritarian Rule: Tentative Conclusions about Uncertain Democracies (pp. 37–47). John Hopkins University Press. https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=33ea387c-a15c-e611-80c6-005056af4099
Guillermo O’Donnell & Philippe C. Schmitter. (1986d). Transitions from Authoritarian Rule: Tentative Conclusions about Uncertain Democracies. John Hopkins University Press. https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991008727919707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
Guillermo O’Donnell & Philippe C. Schmitter. (1986e). Transitions from Authoritarian Rule: Tentative Conclusions about Uncertain Democracies. John Hopkins University Press. https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991008727919707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
Guillermo O’Donnell & Philippe C. Schmitter. (1986f). Transitions from Authoritarian Rule: Tentative Conclusions about Uncertain Democracies. John Hopkins University Press. https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991008727919707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
Herb, M. (1997). Chapter 1: Introduction. In All in the Family: Absolutism, Revolution, and Democracy in the Middle Eastern Monarchies (pp. 1–19). State University of New York Press. https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991013244639707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
James D. Le Sueur. (2010a). Algeria Since 1989: Between Terror and Democracy. Zed Books. https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991000520639707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
James D. Le Sueur. (2010b). Algeria Since 1989: Between Terror and Democracy. Zed Books. https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991000520639707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
Jort Hemmer. (2009a). Ticking the Box: Elections in Sudan. Clingendael Institute. https://www.clingendael.org/publication/ticking-box-elections-sudan
Jort Hemmer. (2009b). Ticking the Box: Elections in Sudan. Clingendael Institute. https://www.clingendael.org/publication/ticking-box-elections-sudan
Joseph Sassoon. (2016a). Anatomy of Authoritarianism in the Arab Republics. Cambridge University Press. https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991001279989707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
Joseph Sassoon. (2016b). Anatomy of Authoritarianism in the Arab Republics. Cambridge University Press. https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991001279989707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
Kenneth Perkins. (2013). A History of Modern Tunisia. Cambridge University Press. https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991003462539707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
Kenneth Perkins. (2014). A History of Modern Tunisia. Cambridge University Press. https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991003462539707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
Kristina  Kausch. (2009). Tunisia: The Life of Others (FRIDE Working Paper 85). http://www.fride.org/descarga/FRIDE-WP85-INGLES.pdf
Kristina Kausch. (2009). Tunisia: The Life of Others (FRIDE Working Paper 85). http://fride.org/descarga/FRIDE-WP85-INGLES.pdf
Lisa Blaydes. (2011a). Elections and Distributive Politics in Mubarak’s Egypt. Cambridge University Press. https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991000464929707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
Lisa Blaydes. (2011b). Elections and Distributive Politics in Mubarak’s Egypt. Cambridge University Press. https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991000464929707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
Luis Martínez. (2007a). ‘Is the Jamahiriya reformable?’ In The Libyan Paradox: Vol. CERI series in comparative politics and international studies (pp. 117–151). Hurst & Company. https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=c9908633-b15c-e611-80c6-005056af4099
Luis Martínez. (2007b). ‘Is the Jamahiriya reformable?’ In The Libyan Paradox: Vol. CERI series in comparative politics and international studies (pp. 117–151). Hurst & Company. https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=c9908633-b15c-e611-80c6-005056af4099
Luis Martínez. (2007c). The Libyan Paradox: Vol. CERI series in comparative politics and international studies. Hurst & Company.
Luis Martínez. (2007d). The Libyan Paradox: Vol. CERI series in comparative politics and international studies. Hurst & Company.
Marc Lynch (ed.). (2014a). The Arab Uprisings Explained: New Contentious Politics in the Middle East: Vol. Columbia Studies in Middle East Politics. Columbia University Press. https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991000874889707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
Marc Lynch (ed.). (2014b). The Arab Uprisings Explained: New Contentious Politics in the Middle East: Vol. Columbia Studies in Middle East Politics. Columbia University Press. https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991000874889707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
Marc Lynch (ed.). (2014c). The Arab Uprisings Explained: New Contentious Politics in the Middle East: Vol. Columbia Studies in Middle East Politics. Columbia University Press. https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991000874889707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
Matthiesen, T. (2013). Sectarian Gulf: Bahrain, Saudi Arabia, and the Arab Spring that Wasn’t. Stanford University Press. https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991002447109707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
Nouri Gana (ed.). (2013a). The Making of the Tunisian Revolution: Contexts, Architects, Prospects. Edinburgh University Press. https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991003406109707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
Nouri Gana (ed.). (2013b). The Making of the Tunisian Revolution: Contexts, Architects, Prospects. Edinburgh University Press. https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991003406109707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
Owen, R. (2014). The Rise and Fall of Arab Presidents for Life: With a New Afterword (First Harvard University Press paperback edition). Harvard University Press. https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991004512539707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
Pargeter, A. (2016a). Chapter 11: Libya: From Reform to Revolution. In North African Politics: Change and Continuity (pp. 178–195). Routledge. https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991000899489707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
Pargeter, A. (2016b). Chapter 11: Libya: From Reform to Revolution. In North African Politics: Change and Continuity (pp. 178–195). Routledge. https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991000899489707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
Pargeter, A. (2016c). Chapter 11: Libya: From Reform to Revolution. In North African Politics: Change and Continuity (pp. 178–195). Routledge. https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991000899489707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
Pargeter, A. (2016d). Chapter 11: Libya: From Reform to Revolution. In North African Politics: Change and Continuity (pp. 178–195). Routledge. https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991000899489707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
Pargeter, A. (2016e). Chapter 11: Libya: From Reform to Revolution. In North African Politics: Change and Continuity (pp. 178–195). Routledge. https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991000899489707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
Philippe C. Schmitter. (2010a). ‘Twenty-Five Years, Fifteen Findings’. Journal of Democracy, 21(1), 17–28. https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edspmu&AN=edspmu.S1086321409100209&site=eds-live&scope=site
Philippe C. Schmitter. (2010b). ‘Twenty-Five Years, Fifteen Findings’. Journal of Democracy, 21(1), 17–28. https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edspmu&AN=edspmu.S1086321409100209&site=eds-live&scope=site
Philippe Schmitter. (2010). ‘Twenty-Five Years, Fifteen Findings’. Journal of Democracy, 21(1), 17–28.
Ricardo René Larémont (ed.). (2013a). Revolution, Revolt, and Reform in North Africa: The Arab Spring and Beyond. Routledge. https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991000924249707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
Ricardo René Larémont (ed.). (2013b). Revolution, Revolt, and Reform in North Africa: The Arab Spring and Beyond. Routledge. https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991000924249707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
Ricardo René Larémont (ed.). (2013c). Revolution, Revolt, and Reform in North Africa: The Arab Spring and Beyond. Routledge. https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991000924249707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
Ricardo René Larémont (ed.). (2013d). Revolution, Revolt, and Reform in North Africa: The Arab Spring and Beyond. Routledge. https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991000924249707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
Robert O. Collins. (2008a). A History of Modern Sudan. Cambridge University Press.
Robert O. Collins. (2008b). A History of Modern Sudan. Cambridge University Press.
Robert O. Collins. (2008c). A History of Modern Sudan. Cambridge University Press.
Robert O. Collins. (2008d). ‘The islamist revolution: The Turabi years, 1989-1996’. In A History of Modern Sudan (pp. 185–217). Cambridge University Press. https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=ace883e0-ab5c-e611-80c6-005056af4099
Robert O. Collins. (2008e). ‘The islamist revolution: The Turabi years, 1989-1996’. In A History of Modern Sudan (pp. 185–217). Cambridge University Press. https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=ace883e0-ab5c-e611-80c6-005056af4099
Samer S. Shehata (ed.). (2012a). Islamist Politics in the Middle East: Movements and Change. Routledge. https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991002447409707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
Samer S. Shehata (ed.). (2012b). Islamist Politics in the Middle East: Movements and Change. Routledge. https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991002447409707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
Valeri, M. (2015). Simmering Unrest and Succession Challenges in Oman. Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. http://encore.exeter.ac.uk/iii/encore/record/C__Rx1039612?lang=eng
Vandewalle, D. (2012). A History of Modern Libya. Cambridge University Press. http://encore.exeter.ac.uk/iii/encore/record/C__Rb3448411?lang=eng
von Weitershausen, I. (2015a). Chapter 6: Foreign Engagement in Contentious Politics: Europe and the 2011 Uprisings in Libya. In Contentious Politics in the Middle East: Popular Resistance and Marginalized Activism Beyond the Arab Uprisings: Vol. Middle East today (pp. 155–168). Palgrave Macmillan. https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991002743239707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
von Weitershausen, I. (2015b). Chapter 6: Foreign Engagement in Contentious Politics: Europe and the 2011 Uprisings in Libya. In Contentious Politics in the Middle East: Popular Resistance and Marginalized Activism Beyond the Arab Uprisings: Vol. Middle East today (pp. 155–168). Palgrave Macmillan. https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991002743239707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default