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Crone, P. (2005). Medieval Islamic Political Thought. Edinburgh University Press. https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.3366/j.ctt1r1z0k
Crone, P. (2015). Pre-industrial societies: anatomy of the pre-modern world. Oneworld. https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991004364119707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default
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JSTOR journal archive. (n.d.). https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/
McAuliffe, J. D. (2001). Encyclopaedia of the Qurʼān. Brill. https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://www.brillonline.nl/browse/encyclopaedia-of-the-quran
Richard Bulliet - History of the World to 1500 CE (Session 1) - Introduction to World History. (11 C.E.). https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r_w7pfulsn8
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