Anon. 11AD. ‘Richard Bulliet - History of the World to 1500 CE (Session 1) - Introduction to World History’.
Anon. 1960. The Encyclopaedia of Islam. New edition. Leiden: E.J. Brill.
Anon. n.d.-a. ‘Arabic-English Lexicon by Edward William Lane’. Retrieved (http://www.tyndalearchive.com/tabs/lane/).
Anon. n.d.-b. ‘Bridging World History’. Retrieved (http://www.learner.org/courses/worldhistory/).
Anon. n.d.-c. ‘DIN 31635 - Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia’. Retrieved (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DIN_31635).
Anon. n.d.-d. ‘Index Islamicus : New Books, Articles and Reviews on Islam and the Muslim World’. Retrieved (https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991012480009707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default).
Anon. n.d.-e. ‘iQuran - Qur’anic Research Online’. Retrieved (http://www.openislam.org/).
Anon. n.d.-f. ‘Journal of Abbasid Studies - Instructions for Authors’.
Anon. n.d.-g. ‘JSTOR Journal Archive’. Retrieved (https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/).
Anon. n.d.-h. ‘The Encyclopædia Iranica’. Retrieved (http://www.iranicaonline.org/).
Anon. n.d.-i. ‘The Holy Quran’. Retrieved (http://quran.muslim-web.com/).
Anon. n.d.-j. ‘The Quranic Arabic Corpus - Word by Word Grammar, Syntax and Morphology of the Holy Quran’. Retrieved (http://corpus.quran.com/wordbyword.jsp).
Anon. n.d.-k. ‘Www.Alwaraq.Net’. Retrieved (http://www.alwaraq.net/Core/index.jsp?option=1).
Black, Antony. 2008. The West and Islam: Religion and Political Thought in World History. Oxford University Press.
Cook, M. A. 2000. The Koran : A Very Short Introduction. Vol. Very short introductions. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Cook, M. A. 2005. A Brief History of the Human Race. London: Granta.
Crone, Patricia. 1989. Pre-Industrial Societies. Vol. New perspectives on the past. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
Crone, Patricia. 2004a. God’s Rule: Government and Islam. New York: Columbia University Press.
Crone, Patricia. 2004b. God’s Rule: Government and Islam. New York: Columbia University Press.
Crone, Patricia. 2004c. Medieval Islamic Political Thought. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
Crone, Patricia. 2005. Medieval Islamic Political Thought. Edinburgh University Press.
Crone, Patricia. 2015. Pre-Industrial Societies: Anatomy of the Pre-Modern World. London: Oneworld.
McAuliffe, Jane Dammen. 2001. Encyclopaedia of the Qurʼān. Leiden: Brill.
Robinson, Chase F. 2003. Islamic Historiography. Vol. Themes in Islamic history. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.