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Becker, Howard S. ‘“Becoming a Marihuana User”’. American Journal of Sociology 59.3 (1953): n. pag. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edsjsr&amp;AN=edsjsr.2771989&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
---. ‘“Marihuana Use and Social Control”’. Social Problems 3.1 (1955): 35–44. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edsjsr&amp;AN=edsjsr.10.2307.798741&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
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Bender, John B. Imagining the Penitentiary: Fiction and the Architecture of the Mind in Eighteenth-Century England. Chicago, [Ill.]: University of Chicago Press, 1989. Print.
Bendle, Mervyn F. ‘“The Death of the Sociology of Deviance?”’ Journal of Sociology 35.1 (1999): 42–59. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edb&amp;AN=16165787&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
Bennett, Andy. ‘“The Post-Subcultural Turn: Some Reflections 10 Years On”’. Journal of Youth Studies 14.5 (2011): 493–506. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edswss&amp;AN=000291813700001&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
Bennett, Andy, and Keith Kahn-Harris. After Subculture: Critical Studies in Contemporary Youth Culture. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2004. Print.
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Ben‐Yehuda, Nachman. ‘“Positive and Negative Deviance: More Fuel for a Controversy”’. Deviant Behavior 11.3 (1990): 221–243. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edshol&amp;AN=edshol.hein.journals.devbh11.31&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
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---. ‘“An Evil Monster and a Poor Thing: Female Violence in the Media”’. Journal of Scandinavian Studies in Criminology & Crime 3.1 (2002): 50–72. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=asx&amp;AN=9377175&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
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---. ‘“Whatever Happened to Social Pathology? Conceptual Fashions and the Sociology of Deviance”’. Sociological Spectrum 26.6 (2006): 533–546. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edswss&amp;AN=000241439300002&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
Birch, Helen. Moving Targets: Women, Murder, and Representation. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1994. Web. <https://archive.org/details/movingtargetswom0000unse>.
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Blackman, Shane. ‘“Subculture Theory: An Historical and Contemporary Assessment of the Concept for Understanding Deviance”’. Deviant Behavior 35.6 (2014): 496–512. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edswss&amp;AN=000331519100005&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
Bowling, Benjamin, and Coretta Phillips. Racism, Crime and Justice. Harlow: Longman, 2002. Print.
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Britton, Dana M. ‘“Feminism in Criminology: Engendering the Outlaw”’. The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 571 (2000): n. pag. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edsjsr&amp;AN=edsjsr.1049134&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
Burgess-Proctor, Amanda. ‘“Intersections of Race, Class, Gender, and Crime”’. Feminist Criminology 1.1 (2006): 27–47. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edb&amp;AN=24489580&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
Cahill, Spencer E. ‘“Children and Civility: Ceremonial Deviance and the Acquisition of Ritual Competence”’. Social Psychology Quarterly 50.4 (1987): n. pag. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edsjsr&amp;AN=edsjsr.2786816&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
Cain, Maureen E. ‘“Towards Transgression: New Directions in Feminist Criminology”’. International Journal of the Sociology of Law 18.1 (1990): 1–18. Web. <https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=a5a8de62-8c25-e911-80cd-005056af4099>.
Cavaglion, Gabriel. ‘“The Societal Construction of a Criminal as Cultural Hero: The Case of ‘The Brinks Truck Theft’”’. Folklore 118.3 (2007): n. pag. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edsjsr&amp;AN=edsjsr.30035438&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
Charlesworth, Simon J. A Phenomenology of Working Class Experience. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000. Print.
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Clark, Paul. Youth Culture in China: From Red Guards to Netizens. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2012. Web. <https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991002503969707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default>.
Clarke, John. ‘“Football and Working Class Fans: Tradition and Change”’. Football Hooliganism: The Wider Context. N.p., 1978. 37–60. Web. <https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=42633b74-f12a-e911-80cd-005056af4099>.
Clear, Todd R. Imprisoning Communities: How Mass Incarceration Makes Disadvantaged Neighbourhoods Worse. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007. Web. <https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991001479029707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default>.
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Cohen, Stanley. Folk Devils and Moral Panics: The Creation of the Mods and Rockers. 3rd ed. London: Routledge, 2011. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?qurl=https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/9780203828250>.
---. Folk Devils and Moral Panics: The Creation of the Mods and Rockers. London: MacGibbon and Kee, 1972. Print.
Colvin, Mark, and John Pauly. ‘“A Critique of Criminology: Toward an Integrated Structural-Marxist Theory of Delinquency Production”’. American Journal of Sociology 89.3 (1983): n. pag. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edsjsr&amp;AN=edsjsr.2779004&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
Connell, R. W., and James W. Messerschmidt. ‘“Hegemonic Masculinity: Rethinking the Concept”’. Gender and Society 19.6 (2005): n. pag. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edsjsr&amp;AN=edsjsr.27640853&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
Coser, Lewis A. ‘“Some Functions of Deviant Behavior and Normative Flexibility”’. American Journal of Sociology 68.2 (1962): n. pag. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edsjsr&amp;AN=edsjsr.2774721&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
Crabbe, Tim. ‘“Bingers: The Performativity and Consumption of ‘Deviant’ Leisure”’. Leisure/Loisir: Journal of the Canadian Association for Leisure 30.1 (2006): 149–169. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=sph&amp;AN=21889502&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
Crenshaw, Kimberle. ‘“Mapping the Margins: Intersectionality, Identity Politics, and Violence against Women of Color”’. Stanford Law Review 43.6 (1991): n. pag. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edsjsr&amp;AN=edsjsr.10.2307.1229039&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
‘Crime, Media, Culture’. n. pag. Web. <https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991002964929707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default>.
Cummings, Scott, and Daniel J. Monti. Gangs: The Origins and Impact of Contemporary Youth Gangs in the United States. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1993. Web. <https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991008610299707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default>.
Davies, Pamela. ‘“Women, Crime and Work: Gender and the Labour Market”’. Criminal Justice Matters 53 (2003): 18–19. Web. <https://www.crimeandjustice.org.uk/publications/cjm/article/women-crime-and-work-gender-and-labour-market>.
Davies, Pamela A. ‘“Is Economic Crime a Man’s Game?”’ Feminist Theory 4.3 (2003): 283–303. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edb&amp;AN=11429892&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
de Swaan, Abram. ‘“Widening Circles of Disidentification: On the Psycho- and Sociogenesis of the Hatred of Distant Strangers - Reflections on Rwanda”’. Theory culture and society: explorations in critical social science 14.2 (1997): 105–122. Web. <https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=07fc144e-4626-e911-80cd-005056af4099>.
---. ‘“Widening Circles of Identification: Emotional Concerns in Sociogenetic Perspective”’. Theory, Culture & Society 12.2 (1995): 25–39. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edb&amp;AN=11498400&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
Deflem, Mathieu. ‘“The Invisibilities of Social Control”’. Crime, Law and Social Change 18.1–2 (1992): 177–192. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edb&amp;AN=28540017&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
Dempster, Steve. ‘“I Drink, Therefore I’m Man: Gender Discourses, Alcohol and the Construction of British Undergraduate Masculinities”’. Gender and Education 23.5 (2011): 635–653. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=ehh&amp;AN=64903689&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
‘Deviant Behavior’. n. pag. Web. <https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991000170509707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default>.
Dotter, Daniel. ‘Cultural Criminology and the Carnival of Deviance: An Interactionist Appreciation’. Langweiliges Verbrechen: Warum KriminologInnen Den Umgang Mit Kriminalität Interessanter Finden Als Kriminalität. 1. Aufl. Wiesbaden: VS-Verl, 2011. 103–114. Web. <https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991008684939707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default>.
Dotter, Daniel L. Creating Deviance: An Interactionist Approach. Lanham: AltaMira Press, 2004. Web. <https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991008610099707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default>.
---. Creating Deviance: An Interactionist Approach. Lanham: AltaMira Press, 2004. Web. <https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991008610099707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default>.
Downes, David. The Delinquent Solution: A Study in Subcultural Theory. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1966. Print.
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Dunning, Eric, Patrick Murphy, and John Williams. The Roots of Football Hooliganism: An Historical and Sociological Study. London: Routledge, 1989. Print.
Durkheim, E. ‘“Rules for the Distinction of the Normal from the Pathological”’. Understanding Deviance: Connecting Classical and Contemporary Perspectives. New York: Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, 2014. 6–13. Web. <https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991000272789707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default>.
Elias, Norbert et al. The Civilizing Process: Sociogenetic and Psychogenetic Investigations. Rev. ed. Oxford: Blackwell, 2000. Print.
Elias, Norbert, and Eric Dunning. Quest for Excitement: Sport and Leisure in the Civilizing Process. Oxford: Blackwell, 1986. Print.
Elias, Norbert, and John L. Scotson. The Established and the Outsiders: A Sociological Enquiry into Community Problems. 2nd ed. London: SAGE, 1994. Web. <https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991004909789707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default>.
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Ellis-Sloan, Kyla. ‘“Teenage Mothers, Stigma and Their ‘Presentations of Self’”’. Sociological Research Online 19.1 (2014): 1–13. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edswss&amp;AN=000344993000009&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
Epstein, Su C. ‘Chapter 4 - “The New Mythic Monster”’. Cultural Criminology. Boston, MA: Northeastern University Press, 1995. 66–79. Web. <https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=65a2df24-d53d-e911-80cd-005056af4099>.
Erikson, Kai T. ‘“Notes on the Sociology of Deviance”’. Social Problems 9.4 (1962): 307–314. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edsjsr&amp;AN=edsjsr.10.2307.798544&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
---. Wayward Puritans: A Study in the Sociology of Deviance. New York: John Wiley, 1966. Print.
Ferrell, Jeff. ‘“Boredom, Crime and Criminology”’. Theoretical Criminology 8.3 (2004): 287–302. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edswst&amp;AN=edswst.860650&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
---. ‘“Boredom, Crime and Criminology”’. Theoretical Criminology 8.3 (2004): 287–302. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edswst&amp;AN=edswst.860650&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
---. Crimes of Style: Urban Graffiti and the Politics of Criminality. v. 774. New York: Garland, 1993. Print.
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---. ‘“Cultural Criminology and the Politics of Meaning”’. Critical Criminology 21.3 (2013): 257–271. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edswss&amp;AN=000324068600002&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
---. Cultural Criminology Unleashed. London: GlassHouse, 2004. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?qurl=https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/9781843146339>.
---. Cultural Criminology Unleashed. London: GlassHouse, 2004. Print.
---. ‘“Culture, Crime, and Cultural Criminology”’. Journal of Criminal Justice and Popular Culture 3.2 (1995): 25–42. Web. <https://www.albany.edu/scj/jcjpc/vol3is2/culture.html>.
---. Drift: Illicit Mobility and Uncertain Knowledge. Oakland, California: University of California Press, 2018. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1525/j.ctt21668nv>.
---. Tearing down the Streets: Adventures in Urban Anarchy. New York: Palgrave, 2001. Print.
---. ‘“Urban Graffiti: Crime, Control and Resistance”’. Youth & Society 27.1 (1995): 73–92. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=fgh&amp;AN=MRB-CDAS0101276&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
---. ‘“Youth, Crime, and Cultural Space”’. Social Justice 24.4 (1997): n. pag. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edsjsr&amp;AN=edsjsr.29767040&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
Ferrell, Jeff, and Keith J. Hayward. Cultural Criminology: Theories of Crime. Farnham: Ashgate, 2011. Web. <http://encore.exeter.ac.uk/iii/encore/record/C__Rb3918647?lang=eng>.
Ferrell, Jeff, and Clinton R. Sanders. ‘Chapter 1 - “Culture, Crime, and Criminology”’. Cultural Criminology. Boston, MA: Northeastern University Press, 1995. 3–21. Web. <https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=9f78acf0-3c4b-e911-80cd-005056af4099>.
Ferrell, Jeff, and Neil Websdale. Making Trouble: Cultural Constructions of Crime, Deviance, and Control. New York: Aldine de Gruyter, 1999. Print.
FitzGerald, Marian, Chris Hale, and Great Britain. Home Office. Research and Statistics Directorate. Ethnic Minorities: Victimisation and Racial Harassment : Findings from the 1988 and 1992 British Crime Surveys. Vol. 154. London: Home Office, 1996. Print.
Fletcher, Jonathan. Violence and Civilization: An Introduction to the Work of Norbert Elias. Cambridge, England: Polity Press, 2005. Web. <https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991008182409707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default>.
Flint, John. ‘“Cultures, Ghettos and Camps: Sites of Exception and Antagonism in the City”’. Housing Studies 24.4 (2009): 417–431. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=bth&amp;AN=41566278&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
Foucault, Michel. Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison. 2nd Vintage Books ed. New York: Vintage Books, 1995. Print.
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Furedi, Frank. How Fear Works: Culture of Fear in the Twenty-First Century. London: Bloomsbury Academic, 2018. Web. <https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991008684879707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default>.
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---. ‘“Capital Punishment and American Culture”’. Punishment & Society 7.4 (2005): 347–376. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edswst&amp;AN=edswst.965294&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
---. ‘Chapter 1 - “Punishment and Social Solidarity”’. The SAGE Handbook of Punishment and Society. Ed. Jonathan Simon and Richard Sparks. Los Angeles: SAGE, 2013. 23–39. Web. <https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991004915319707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default>.
---. ‘“Concepts of Culture in the Sociology of Punishment”’. Theoretical Criminology 10.4 (2006): 419–447. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edswss&amp;AN=000242158000001&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
---. ‘“Frameworks of Inquiry in the Sociology of Punishment”’. The British Journal of Sociology 41.1 (1990): 1–15. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edsjsr&amp;AN=edsjsr.10.2307.591014&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
---. ‘“Frameworks of Inquiry in the Sociology of Punishment”’. The British Journal of Sociology 41.1 (1990): n. pag. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edsjsr&amp;AN=edsjsr.10.2307.591014&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
---. Punishment and Modern Society: A Study in Social Theory. New edition. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1993. Web. <https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991006965879707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default>.
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---. The Culture of Control: Crime and Social Order in Contemporary Society. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199258024.001.0001>.
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---. ‘“The Culture of High Crime Societies: Some Preconditions of Recent ‘Law and Order’ Policies”’. The British Journal of Criminology 40.3 (2000): n. pag. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edsjsr&amp;AN=edsjsr.23638937&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
Garland, David, and R.A Duff. A Reader on Punishment. Oxford: Oxford U.P, 1994. Print.
Garo, Robert, and tJack Katz. ‘“Provocative Looks: Gang Appearance and Dress Codes in an Inner-City Alternative School”’. Ethnography 4.3 (2003): 421–454. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edsjsr&amp;AN=edsjsr.24047845&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
Gelder, Ken. Subcultures: Cultural Histories and Social Practice. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge, 2007. Web. <https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991008610399707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default>.
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Gilroy, Paul. There Ain’t No Black in the Union Jack: The Cultural Politics of Race and Nation. London: Routledge, 2002. Web. <https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991002978589707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default>.
Giulianotti, Richard. ‘Chapter 9 - “Civilizing Games: Norbert Elias and the Sociology of Sport”’. Sport and Modern Social Theorists. Basingstoke: Palgrave, 2004. 145–160. Web. <https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=9823cfb4-9125-e911-80cd-005056af4099>.
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Goode, Erich. ‘Chapter 32 - “What’s in Store for the Concept of Deviance?: Reflections, Speculations, Predictions”’. The Handbook of Deviance. Ed. Erich Goode. Chichester, West Sussex, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2015. 563–582. Web. <https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991007983789707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default>.
---. ‘Chapter 32 - “What’s in Store for the Concept of Deviance?: Reflections, Speculations, Predictions”’. The Handbook of Deviance. Ed. Erich Goode. Chichester, West Sussex, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2015. 563–582. Web. <https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991007983789707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default>.
---. ‘“Does the Death of the Sociology of Deviance Claim Make Sense?”’ The American Sociologist 33.3 (2002): n. pag. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edsjsr&amp;AN=edsjsr.27700318&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
---. ‘“Is the Sociology of Deviance Still Relevant?”’ The American Sociologist 35.4 (2004): n. pag. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edsjsr&amp;AN=edsjsr.27700404&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
---. ‘“On Behalf of Labeling Theory”’. Social Problems 22.5 (1975): 570–583. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edsjsr&amp;AN=edsjsr.10.2307.799691&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
---. ‘“Positive Deviance: A Viable Concept?”’ Deviant Behavior 12.3 (1991): 289–309. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edshol&amp;AN=edshol.hein.journals.devbh12.29&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
---, ed. The Handbook of Deviance. Chichester, West Sussex, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2015. Web. <https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991007983789707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default>.
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Gouldner, Alvin W. ‘“The Sociologist as Partisan: Sociology and the Welfare State”’. The American Sociologist 3.2 (1968): n. pag. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edsjsr&amp;AN=edsjsr.27701326&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
Gourley, Michelle. ‘“A Subcultural Study of Recreational Ecstasy Use”’. Journal of Sociology 40.1 (2004): 59–74. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=asx&amp;AN=12921366&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
Gregoriou, Christiana, ed. Constructing Crime: Discourse and Cultural Representations of Crime and ‘Deviance’. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2012. Web. <https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991003306429707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default>.
Griffin, Christine Elizabeth. ‘“The Trouble with Class: Researching Youth, Class and Culture Beyond the ‘Birmingham School’”’. Journal of Youth Studies 14.3 (2011): n. pag. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edswss&amp;AN=000288679300001&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
Grixti, Joseph. ‘“Consuming Cannibals: Psychopathic Killers as Archetypes and Cultural Icons”’. Journal of American Culture 18.1 (1995): n. pag. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=hlh&amp;AN=9509030543&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
Hall, Steve, and Simon Winlow. ‘“Cultural Criminology and Primitive Accumulation: A Formal Introduction for Two Strangers Who Should Really Become More Intimate”’. Crime, Media, Culture 3.1 (2007): 82–90. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edb&amp;AN=25311989&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
---. ‘“Culture, Gender and Male Violence: A Key Problem”’. Criminal Justice Matters 53 (2003): n. pag. Web. <https://www.crimeandjustice.org.uk/publications/cjm/article/culture-gender-and-male-violence-key-problem>.
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Hannem, Stacey. ‘Chapter 2 - “Theorizing Stigma and the Politics of Resistance Symbolic and Structural Stigma in Everyday Life”’. Stigma Revisited: Implications of the Mark. Ottawa [Ont.]: University of Ottawa Press, 2012. 10–28. Web. <https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991005428599707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default>.
Hargreaves, Andy, and Martyn Hammersley. ‘“CCCS Gas! Politics and Science in the Work of the Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies”’. Oxford Review of Education 8.2 (1982): n. pag. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edsjsr&amp;AN=edsjsr.1050351&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
Hayward, Keith. ‘Chapter 1: Opening the Lens: Cultural Criminology and the Image’. Framing Crime: Cultural Criminology and the Image. London: Routledge, 2010. 1–16. Web. <https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991004781079707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default>.
---. ‘“Pantomime Justice: A Cultural Criminological Analysis of ‘Life Stage Dissolution’”’. Crime, Media, Culture: An International Journal 8.2 (2012): 213–229. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edswss&amp;AN=000306733500009&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
Hayward, Keith J. City Limits: Crime, Consumer Culture and the Urban Experience. London: GlassHouse Press, 2004. Web. <https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991008684979707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default>.
Hayward, Keith J., Mike Presdee, and Taylor & Francis. Framing Crime: Cultural Criminology and the Image. London: Routledge, 2010. Web. <https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991004781079707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default>.
Hayward, Keith J., and Jock Young. ‘“Cultural Criminology: Some Notes on the Script”’. Theoretical Criminology 8.3 (2004): 259–273. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=asx&amp;AN=14144076&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
Hayward, Keith, and Majid Yar. ‘“The ‘Chav’ Phenomenon: Consumption, Media and the Construction of a New Underclass”’. Crime, Media, Culture 2.1 (2006): 9–28. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edb&amp;AN=27222158&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
Hebdige, Dick. Hiding in the Light: On Images and Things. London: Routledge, 1988. Print.
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Heckert, Druann Maria. ‘“The Relativity of Positive Deviance: The Case of the French Impressionists”’. Deviant Behavior 10.2 (1989): 131–144. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edswss&amp;AN=A1989AM87200002&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
Heidensohn, Frances. Sexual Politics and Social Control. Buckingham: Open University Press, 2000. Print.
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---. Women and Crime. London: Macmillan, 1985. Print.
Heimer, Karen, and Stacy De Coster. ‘“The Gendering of Violent Delinquency”’. Criminology 37.2 (1999): 277–317. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edshol&amp;AN=edshol.hein.journals.crim37.21&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
Hendershott, Anne. The Politics of Deviance. San Francisco, Calif: Encounter Books, 2002. Print.
Herington, Matthew J., and Elske van de Fliert. ‘“Positive Deviance in Theory and Practice: A Conceptual Review”’. Deviant Behavior 39.5 (2018): 664–678. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edsbl&amp;AN=vdc.100063025110.0x000001&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
Hier, Sean. ‘“Moral Panic, Moral Regulation, and the Civilizing Process”’. The British Journal of Sociology 67.3 (2016): 414–434. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edswss&amp;AN=000388200100002&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
Hirschi, Travis. Causes of Delinquency. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1969. Print.
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Hollander, Jocelyn A., and Rachel L. Einwohner. ‘“Conceptualizing Resistance”’. Sociological Forum 19.4 (2004): n. pag. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edsjsr&amp;AN=edsjsr.4148828&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
Hollingworth, Sumi, and Katya Williams. ‘“Constructions of the Working-Class ‘Other’ among Urban, White, Middle-Class Youth: ‘Chavs’, Subculture and the Valuing of Education”’. Journal of Youth Studies 12.5 (2009): 467–482. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=eric&amp;AN=EJ865785&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
Howe, Adrian. Punish and Critique: Towards a Feminist Analysis of Penality. London: Routledge, 1994. Print.
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Ingraham, Chrys. ‘“The Heterosexual Imaginary: Feminist Sociology and Theories of Gender”’. Sociological Theory 12.2 (1994): n. pag. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edsjsr&amp;AN=edsjsr.10.2307.201865&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
Institute for the Study and Treatment of Delinquency. ‘The British Journal of Criminology’. (1960): n. pag. Web. <https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991012419989707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default>.
Jackson, Carolyn. ‘“‘Wild’ Girls? An Exploration of ‘Ladette’ Cultures in Secondary Schools”’. Gender and Education 18.4 (2006): 339–360. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=ehh&amp;AN=21967648&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
Jackson, Carolyn, and Penny Tinkler. ‘“‘Ladettes’ and ‘Modern Girls’: ‘Troublesome’ Young Femininities”’. The Sociological Review 55.2 (2007): 251–272. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edswss&amp;AN=000246437600004&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
---. ‘“‘Ladettes’ and ‘Modern Girls’: ‘Troublesome’ Young Femininities”’. The Sociological Review 55.2 (2007): 251–272. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edswss&amp;AN=000246437600004&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
Jahnke, Sara, and Juergen Hoyer. ‘“Stigmatization of People With Pedophilia: A Blind Spot in Stigma Research”’. International Journal of Sexual Health 25.3 (2013): 169–184. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edswss&amp;AN=000323996700001&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
Janowitz, Morris. ‘“Sociological Theory and Social Control”’. American Journal of Sociology 81.1 (1975): n. pag. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edsjsr&amp;AN=edsjsr.2777055&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
Jenkins, Philip. Moral Panic: Changing Concepts of the Child Molester in Modern America. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1998. Web. <https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991005736039707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default>.
---. Synthetic Panics: The Symbolic Politics of Designer Drugs. New York: New York University Press, 1999. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/j.ctt9qfr07>.
Jones, Owen. Chavs: The Demonization of the Working Class. London: Verso, 2012. Print.
‘Journal of Youth Studies’. (1998): n. pag. Web. <https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991013079479707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default>.
Kane, Stephanie C. ‘“The Unconventional Methods of Cultural Criminology”’. Theoretical Criminology 8.3 (2004): 303–321. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edswss&amp;AN=000222907100004&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
Katz, Jack. Seductions of Crime: Moral and Sensual Attractions in Doing Evil. New York: BasicBooks, 1988. Print.
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Keith, Michael. Race, Riots and Policing: Lore and Disorder in a Multi-Rascist Society. London: UCL Press, 1993. Print.
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Laidler, Karen Joe, and Geoffrey Hunt. ‘“Accomplishing Femininity Among the Girls in the Gang”’. The British Journal of Criminology 41.4 (2001): n. pag. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edsjsr&amp;AN=edsjsr.23654288&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
Lam, Anita. Making Crime Television: Producing Entertaining Representations of Crime for Television Broadcasts. Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge, 2014. Web. <https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991008684569707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default>.
Law, Alex, and Gerry Mooney. ‘“The Decivilizing Process and Urban Working-Class Youth in Scotland”’. Social Justice 38.4 (2012): n. pag. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edsjsr&amp;AN=edsjsr.41940961&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
Lawler, Stephanie. ‘“Disgusted Subjects: The Making of Middle-Class Identities”’. The Sociological Review 53.3 (2005): 429–446. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edswss&amp;AN=000230888500003&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
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Liazos, Alexander. ‘“The Poverty of the Sociology of Deviance: Nuts, Sluts, and Preverts”’. Social Problems 20.1 (1972): 103–120. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edsjsr&amp;AN=edsjsr.10.2307.799504&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
---. ‘“The Poverty of the Sociology of Deviance: Nuts, Sluts, and Preverts”’. Social Problems 20.1 (1972): 103–120. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edsjsr&amp;AN=edsjsr.10.2307.799504&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
Link, Bruce G., and Jo C. Phelan. ‘“Conceptualizing Stigma”’. Annual Review of Sociology 27 (2001): 363–385. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=bth&amp;AN=5163028&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
Lloyd, Ann. Doubly Deviant, Doubly Damned: Society’s Treatment of Violent Women. London: Penguin Books, 1995. Print.
Lumsden, Karen. Boy Racer Culture: Youth, Masculinity and Deviance. Vol. 2. Oxon: Routledge, 2013. Web. <https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991008610429707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default>.
Lyng, Stephen. ‘“Action and Edgework: Risk Taking and Reflexivity in Late Modernity”’. European Journal of Social Theory 4 (2014): n. pag. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edswss&amp;AN=000344009200005&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
---. ‘“Edgework: A Social Psychological Analysis of Voluntary Risk Taking”’. American Journal of Sociology 95.4 (1990): n. pag. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edsjsr&amp;AN=edsjsr.2780644&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
---. Edgework: The Sociology of Risk Taking. New York: Routledge, 2005. Web. <https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991000807259707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default>.
Lyng, Stephen, and Rick Matthews. ‘Chapter 4 - “Risk, Edgework, and Masculinities”’. Gendered Risks. London: Routledge-Cavendish, 2007. 75–98. Web. <https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991008684709707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default>.
Lyon, David. ‘Chapter 5 - “Security, Suspicion, Social Sorting”’. Surveillance Studies: An Overview. Cambridge: Polity, 2007. 94–117. Web. <https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=33134d03-cb36-e911-80cd-005056af4099>.
---. ‘From Personal to Digital: CCTV, the Panopticon and the Technological Mediation of Suspicion and Social Control’. Surveillance as Social Sorting: Privacy, Risk and Automated Discrimination. London: Routledge, 2002. 249–281. Web. <https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991014347369707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default>.
---. ‘Surveillance, Power, and Everyday Life’. The Oxford Handbook of Information and Communication Technologies. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009. 449–468. Web. <https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991000790369707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default>.
---. The Electronic Eye: The Rise of Surveillance Society. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1994. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.5749/j.ctttsqw8>.
Maffesoli, Michel. The Time of the Tribes: The Decline of Individualism in Mass Society. London: SAGE, 1996. Web. <https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991004916719707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default>.
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Mansell, Robin. The Oxford Handbook of Information and Communication Technologies. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://www.oxfordhandbooks.com/view/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199548798.001.0001/oxfordhb-9780199548798>.
Marsh, Peter. Aggro: The Illusion of Violence. London [etc.]: Dent, 1978. Print.
Martin, Greg. ‘“Subculture, Style, Chavs and Consumer Capitalism: Towards a Critical Cultural Criminology of Youth”’. Crime, Media, Culture: An International Journal 5.2 (2009): 123–145. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edswss&amp;AN=000270851200001&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
---. ‘“Subculture, Style, Chavs and Consumer Capitalism: Towards a Critical Cultural Criminology of Youth”’. Crime, Media, Culture: An International Journal 5.2 (2009): 123–145. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edswss&amp;AN=000270851200001&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
Matza, David. Becoming Deviant. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1969. Print.
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McKinney, John.C., and Edward.A. Tiryakian. Theoretical Sociology: Perspectives and Developments. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts, 1970. Print.
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McRobbie, Angela. ‘Chapter 2 - “Settling Accounts with Subculture: A Feminist Critique”’. Feminism and Youth Culture: From ‘Jackie’ to ‘Just Seventeen’. Basingstoke: Macmillan Education, 1990. 16–34. Web. <https://encore.exeter.ac.uk/iii/encore/record/C__Rb4553628>.
---. ‘Chapter 5 - “Working Class Girls and the Culture of Femininity”’. Women Take Issue: Aspects of Women’s Subordination. London: Hutchinson [for] the Centre, 1978. 96–108. Web. <https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=5f134c1b-8425-e911-80cd-005056af4099>.
---. Feminism and Youth Culture: From ‘Jackie’ to ‘Just Seventeen’. Basingstoke: Macmillan Education, 1990. Print.
McRobbie, Angela, and Jenny Garber. ‘“Girls and Subcultures”’. Resistance through Rituals: Youth Subcultures in Post-War Britain. London: Hutchinson [for] the Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies, University of Birmingham, 1976. 209–222. Web. <https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=8510efbd-8225-e911-80cd-005056af4099>.
Meier, Robert F. ‘“Perspectives on the Concept of Social Control”’. Annual Review of Sociology 8.1 (1982): 35–55. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edb&amp;AN=10457440&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
Melossi, Dario. ‘“Changing Representations of the Criminal”’. The British Journal of Criminology 40.2 (2000): n. pag. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edsjsr&amp;AN=edsjsr.23638479&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
Mennell, Stephen. Norbert Elias: An Introduction. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers, 1992. Print.
---. ‘“Sociogenesis and Psychogenesis: Norbert Elias’s Historical Social Psychology as a Research Tradition in Comparative Sociology”’. Comparative Sociology 14.4 (2015): 548–564. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=asx&amp;AN=110547882&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
Menon, Elizabeth Kolbinger. Evil by Design: The Creation and Marketing of the Femme Fatale. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2006. Print.
Merton, Robert K. ‘“Social Structure and Anomie”’. American Sociological Review 3.5 (1938): n. pag. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edsjsr&amp;AN=edsjsr.2084686&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
Merton, Robert King, and Robert A. Nisbet. Contemporary Social Problems: An Introduction to the Socialogy of Deviant Behaviour and Sociol Disorganisation. New York: Harcourt, Brace and World, 1961. Print.
Miller, J. Mitchell, Richard A. Wright, and David Dannels. ‘“Is Deviance ‘Dead’? The Decline of a Sociological Research Specialization”’. The American Sociologist 32.3 (2001): n. pag. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edsjsr&amp;AN=edsjsr.27700274&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
Miller, Jody. One of the Guys: Girls, Gangs, and Gender. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001. Print.
Muggleton, David. ‘“From Classlessness to Clubculture: A Genealogy of Post-War British Youth Cultural Analysis”’. Young: Nordic Journal of Youth Research 13.2 (2005): 205–219. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edsbl&amp;AN=RN166254319&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
---. Inside Subculture: The Postmodern Meaning of Style. Oxford: Berg, 2004. Web. <https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991000523439707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default>.
Murphy, Patrick, John Williams, and Eric Dunning. Football on Trial: Spectator Violence and Development in the Football World. London: Routledge, 1990. Print.
Murphy, Robert F. et al. ‘“Physical Disability and Social Liminality: A Study in the Rituals of Adversity”’. Social Science & Medicine 26.2 (1988): 235–242. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=cmedm&amp;AN=2964721&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
Murphy, Sheigla, Dan Waldorf, and Craig Reinarman. ‘“Drifting into Dealing: Becoming a Cocaine Seller”’. Qualitative Sociology 13.4 (1990): 321–343. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=asx&amp;AN=10951804&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
Murray, Samantha. ‘“Corporeal Knowledges and Deviant Bodies: Perceiving the Fat Body”’. Social Semiotics 17.3 (2007): 361–373. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=asx&amp;AN=25915318&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
Muzzatti, Stephen L. ‘Chapter 10: Cultural Criminology: Burning up Capitalism, Consumer Culture and Crime’. Routledge Handbook of Critical Criminology. London: Routledge, 2012. 138–149. Web. <https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991006772509707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default>.
Nayak, Anoop. ‘“Displaced Masculinities: Chavs, Youth and Class in the Post-Industrial City”’. Sociology 40.5 (2006): 813–831. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=bth&amp;AN=23033234&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
Nayak, Anoop, and Mary Jane Kehily. ‘“‘Chavs, Chavettes and Pramface Girls’: Teenage Mothers, Marginalised Young Men and the Management of Stigma”’. Journal of Youth Studies 17.10 (2014): n. pag. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edswss&amp;AN=000343422600003&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
Nerenberg, Ellen Victoria. Murder Made in Italy: Homicide, Media, and Contemporary Italian Culture. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2012. Web. <https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991006969899707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default>.
Norris, Clive, and Gary Armstrong. The Maximum Surveillance Society: The Rise of CCTV. Oxford: Berg, 1999. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781474215749>.
O’Brien, Martin. ‘“What Is Cultural about Cultural Criminology?”’ The British Journal of Criminology 45.5 (2005): 599–612. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edswst&amp;AN=edswst.949052&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
O’Neill, Maggie, and Lizzie Seal. Transgressive Imaginations: Crime, Deviance and Culture. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2012. Web. <http://encore.exeter.ac.uk/iii/encore/record/C__Rb3918643?lang=eng>.
Patel, Tina G., and David Tyrer. Race, Crime and Resistance. Los Angeles, [Calif.]: SAGE, 2011. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://sk.sagepub.com/books/race-crime-and-resistance>.
Pfohl, Stephen J. Images of Deviance and Social Control: A Sociological History. Long Grove, IL: Waveland Press, 2009. Print.
Pini, Maria. Club Cultures and Female Subjectivity: The Move from Home to House. Basingstoke: Palgrave, 2001. Print.
Powell, Ryan. ‘“Spaces of Informalisation: Playscapes, Power and the Governance of Behaviour”’. Space & Polity 14.2 (2010): 189–206. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=asx&amp;AN=52889286&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
---. ‘“The Theoretical Concept of the ‘Civilising Offensive’ (Beschavingsoffensief): Notes on Its Origins and Uses”’. Human Figurations 2.2 (2013): n. pag. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?qurl=http://hdl.handle.net/2027/spo.11217607.0002.203>.
---. ‘“Understanding the Stigmatization of Gypsies: Power and the Dialectics of (Dis)Identification”’. Housing, Theory and Society 25.2 (2008): 87–109. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=bth&amp;AN=32708158&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
---. ‘“Understanding the Stigmatization of Gypsies: Power and the Dialectics of (Dis)Identification”’. Housing, Theory and Society 25.2 (2008): 87–109. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=bth&amp;AN=32708158&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
Powell, Ryan, and John Flint. ‘“(In)Formalization and the Civilizing Process: Applying the Work of Norbert Elias to Housing‐Based Anti‐Social Behaviour Interventions in the UK”’. Housing, Theory and Society 26.3 (2009): 159–178. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=bth&amp;AN=44205054&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
Powell, Ryan, and John Lever. ‘“Europe’s Perennial ‘Outsiders’: A Processual Approach to Roma Stigmatization and Ghettoization”’. Current Sociology 65.5 (2017): 680–699. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edswss&amp;AN=000406529500003&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
Pratt, John. ‘“Norbert Elias and the Civilized Prison”’. British Journal of Sociology 50.2 (1999): 271–296. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=asx&amp;AN=2164171&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
---. ‘“Towards the Decivilizing of Punishment”’. Social & Legal Studies 7.4 (1998): 487–515. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edshol&amp;AN=edshol.hein.journals.solestu7.38&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
Presdee, Mike. Cultural Criminology and the Carnival of Crime. Ankara, Turkey: Taylor & Francis. Web. <https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991008685009707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default>.
Prieur, Annick. ‘“Towards a Criminology of Structurally Conditioned Emotions: Combining Bourdieu’s Field Theory and Cultural Criminology”’. European Journal of Criminology 15.3 (2018): 344–363. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edswss&amp;AN=000432061300005&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
‘Punishment & Society’. n. pag. Web. <https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991002971499707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default>.
Rayburn, Rachel L., and Nicholas A. Guittar. ‘'"This Is Where You Are Supposed to Be”: How Homeless Individuals Cope with Stigma’’. Sociological Spectrum 33.2 (2013): 159–174. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edswss&amp;AN=000316059200004&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
Redhead, S. C., Derek Wynne, and Justin O’Connor. The Clubcultures Reader: Readings in Popular Cultural Studies. Oxford: Blackwell, 1997. Print.
Redhead, Steve. Subculture to Clubcultures: An Introduction to Popular Cultural Studies. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishers, 1997. Print.
Rohloff, Amanda. ‘“Moral Panics as Civilising and Decivilising Processes? A Comparative Discussion”’. Política y Sociedad 50 (2013): 483–500. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edo&amp;AN=91585539&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
Rubington, Earl, and Martin S Weinberg. Deviance, the Interactionist Perspective: Text and Readings in the Sociology of Deviance. 5th ed. New York: Macmillan, 1987. Print.
Rubington, Earl, and Martin S. Weinberg. Deviance: The Interactionist Perspective : Text and Readings in the Sociology of Deviance. [New York]: Macmillan, 1968. Web. <https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/Deviance/qaDhCgAAQBAJ?hl=en&amp;gbpv=1&amp;dq=Deviance:+The+Interactionist+Perspective&amp;printsec=frontcover>.
Salerno, Roger A. Sociology Noir: Studies at the University of Chicago in Loneliness, Marginality and Deviance, 1915-1935. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company, Inc., Publishers, 2007. Web. <https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991008421389707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default>.
Sanders, William. Gangbangs and Drive-Bys: Grounded Culture and Juvenile Gang Violence. First edition. London: Taylor and Francis, 2017. Web. <https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991008610339707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default>.
Scambler, Graham. ‘“Sex Work Stigma: Opportunist Migrants in London”’. Sociology 41.6 (2007): n. pag. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edsjsr&amp;AN=edsjsr.42858287&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
Schilt, Kristen, and Laurel Westbrook. ‘'Doing Gender, Doing Heteronormativity: “Gender Normals”, Transgender People, and the Social Maintenance of Heterosexuality’’. Gender and Society 23.4 (2009): n. pag. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edsjsr&amp;AN=edsjsr.20676798&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
Schmid, David. Natural Born Celebrities: Serial Killers in American Culture. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2005. Print.
Schur, Edwin M. Labeling Women Deviant: Gender, Stigma, and Social Control. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1983. Print.
---. The Politics of Deviance: Stigma Contests and the Uses of Power. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1980. Print.
Schur, Edwin Michael. Labeling Deviant Behavior: Its Sociological Implications. New York: Harper and Row, 1971. Print.
Schwendinger, Herman, and Julia R. Schwendinger. Adolescent Subcultures and Delinquency. Research ed. New York: Praeger, 1985. Print.
Scott, Susie. ‘’The Medicalisation of Shyness: From Social Misfits to Social Fitness’. Sociology of Health and Illness 28.2 (2006): 133–153. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edswss&amp;AN=000235731900001&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
---. ‘“The Red, Shaking Fool: Dramaturgical Dilemmas in Shyness”’. Symbolic Interaction 28.1 (2005): 91–110. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edsjsr&amp;AN=edsjsr.10.1525.si.2005.28.1.91&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
---. ‘“The Shell, the Stranger and the Competent Other: Towards a Sociology of Shyness”’. Sociology 38.1 (2004): n. pag. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edsjsr&amp;AN=edsjsr.42856597&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
Seal, Graham. The Outlaw Legend: A Cultural Tradition in Britain, America, and Australia. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996. Print.
Shildrick, Tracy, and Robert MacDonald. ‘“In Defence of Subculture: Young People, Leisure and Social Divisions”’. Journal of Youth Studies 9.2 (2006): 125–140. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=asx&amp;AN=20855751&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
Simkin, Stevie. Cultural Constructions of the Femme Fatale: From Pandora’s Box to Amanda Knox. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2014. Web. <https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991000081719707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default>.
Simpson, Philip. Psycho Paths: Tracking the Serial Killer through Contemporary American Film and Fiction. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 2000. Print.
Skelton, Tracey, and Gill Valentine. Cool Places: Geographies of Youth Cultures. London: Routledge, 1998. Web. <https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991015233319707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default>.
---. Cool Places: Geographies of Youth Cultures. London: Routledge, 1998. Print.
Smith, Douglas A., and Raymond Paternoster. ‘“The Gender Gap in Theories of Deviance: Issues and Evidence”’. Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency 24.2 (1987): 140–172. Web. <https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=3ca4964c-8d25-e911-80cd-005056af4099>.
Smith, Philip. Punishment and Culture. Chicago, Ill: University of Chicago Press, 2008. Web. <https://archive.org/details/punishmentcultur0000smit>.
‘Social Problems’. n. pag. Web. <https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991000091369707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default>.
Solomos, John. ‘Chapter 15 - “Black Youth, Crime and the Ghetto: Common Sense Images and Law and Order”’. The Sociology of Crime and Deviance: Selected Issues. no.6. Dartford: Greenwich University Press, 1995. 279–306. Web. <https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=2d0c9db5-3f4b-e911-80cd-005056af4099>.
Spitzer, Steven. ‘“Toward a Marxian Theory of Deviance”’. Social Problems 22.5 (1975): 638–651. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edsjsr&amp;AN=edsjsr.10.2307.799696&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
Spreitzer, Gretchen M., and Scott Sonenshein. ‘“Toward the Construct Definition of Positive Deviance”’. The American Behavioral Scientist 47.6 (2004): 828–847. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edsbl&amp;AN=RN143883023&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
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Vaughan, Barry. ‘“Cultured Punishments: The Promise of Grid-Group Theory”’. Theoretical Criminology 6.4 (2002): 411–431. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edswss&amp;AN=000179212200002&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
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Virdee, Satnam. ‘Chapter 8 - “Racial Harassment”’. Ethnic Minorities in Britain: Diversity and Disadvantage. Vol. 843. London: Policy Studies Institute, 1997. 259–289. Web. <https://archive.org/details/ethnicminorities0000modo>.
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Woolgar, Steve, and Dorothy Pawluch. ‘“Ontological Gerrymandering: The Anatomy of Social Problems Explanations”’. Social Problems 32.3 (1985): 214–227. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edsjsr&amp;AN=edsjsr.10.2307.800680&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.
‘Young’. n. pag. Web. <https://exeter.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991002973609707446&context=L&vid=44UOEX_INST:default>.
Young, Alison. ‘Chapter 2 - “Culture, Critical Criminology and the Imagination of Crime”’. The Critical Criminology Companion. Ed. Thalia Anthony and Chris Cunneen. Leichhardt, New South Wales: Hawkins Press, 2008. 18–29. Web. <https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=fa3aa10b-2835-e911-80cd-005056af4099>.
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Zack, Emma, John T. Lang, and Danielle Dirks. ‘'"It Must Be Great Being a Female Pedophile!”: The Nature of Public Perceptions about Female Teacher Sex Offenders’’. Crime, Media, Culture: An International Journal 14.1 (2018): 61–79. Web. <https://uoelibrary.idm.oclc.org/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&amp;db=edswss&amp;AN=000425026300004&amp;site=eds-live&amp;scope=site>.